Before the development of a southwest tourist market and the interest in Native American jewelry featuring beautiful turquoise in matrix, the only turquoise desired for use in Victorian style jewelry made by east coast jewelers was the clear sky blue non matrix. In this video Mike discusses matrix and we see some beautiful examples.
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The most common turquoise matrix material in my experience is limonite, not chert or rhyolite. Most of the brown turquoise matrix consists of limonite, not rhyolite.